Cold Sores

Cold Sores

Cold sores are a common viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). The virus is highly contagious and can be easily spread through direct contact with an infected person or contaminated objects such as utensils, towels, and lip balm. Up to 90% of people around the world have at least one form of HSV. The symptoms are usually the most severe the first time you get cold sores. A first-time cold sore can make a child seriously ill.

First-time infections can also cause:

• Burning and pain inside your mouth
• Sore throat
• Pain when swallowing
• Headache
• Upset stomach

After the first outbreak, your body should make antibodies, and you may never have another infection. But many people get cold sores that come back.

Certain things can trigger an outbreak, including:

• Some foods
• Stress
• Fever
• Colds
• Allergies
• Fatigue
• Sunburn or being in strong sunlight
• Dental work or cosmetic surgery
• Menstruation

Cold sores usually start with a tingling or burning sensation on or around the lips, followed by the appearance of small, fluid-filled blisters. The blisters can be painful and may be accompanied by fever, swollen glands, and other flu-like symptoms. After a few days, the blisters will burst and crust over, eventually healing within 7-10 days. The virus stays in the body after the cold sores clear. If the virus reactivates or wakes up, you may get cold sores again.

While there is no cure for cold sores, antiviral medications can help reduce the severity and duration of symptoms. These medications work best when taken at the first sign of an outbreak. Topical creams and ointments can also help alleviate discomfort and speed up the healing process.

In addition to medical treatment, there are several preventive measures you can take to reduce your risk of developing cold sores. These include:

• Avoiding close contact with individuals who have active cold sores,
• Washing your hands frequently,
• Avoid sharing personal items such as towels, utensils, and lip balm,
• Get plenty of rest -lack of sleep weakens your immune system, so you get sick more easily,
• Wearing sunscreen and using lip balm with SPF can also help protect against outbreaks triggered by sun exposure.